A majority of U.S. Catholics, 56 percent, disapprove of how President Donald J. Trump is carrying out his duties, a new poll from the Pew Research Center has found. Just 38 percent of Catholics say they approve of the president.

The president fares better among white non-Hispanic Catholics, with 52 percent saying they approve of his job performance and 42 percent saying they disapprove.

Just 38 percent of Catholics say they approve of the president.

(According to a 2014 study by Pew, about 59 percent of Catholics in the United States identify as white. Thirty-four percent identify as Latino, a five point increase from 2007.)

Overall, 39 percent of Americans say they approve of Mr. Trump’s job performance and 55 percent say they disapprove, according to Pew.

Exit polls initially suggested that Mr. Trump had won a small majority of Catholic votes in November, but a more recent analysis found that rival Hillary Clinton may have eked out a slim victory among the religious group.

On some issues, some Catholic leaders see an ally in the Trump administration.

Catholic leaders in the United States have walked a fine line when it comes to engaging the White House. In the first few weeks after Mr. Trump’s inauguration, the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops released a flurry of statements condemning proposals related to immigration, health care and the environment. At their spring meeting in Indianapolis last week, many bishops made public condemnations of Mr. Trump’s efforts to repeal the Affordable Care Act and pledged to renew their fight to resist what they say are inhumane immigration policies.

But on other issues, some Catholic leaders see an ally in the Trump administration.

Two prominent archbishops, Cardinal Donald Wuerl of Washington and Cardinal Daniel DiNardo, head of the U.S.C.C.B., visited the White House last month for the signing ceremony of an executive order related to religious liberty. Earlier this month, Vice President Mike Pence received a friendly welcome at the National Catholic Prayer Breakfast, where he said the administration plans to support persecuted Christians in the Middle East. And in a letter on behalf of U.S. bishops to Pope Francis released last week, Cardinal DiNardo highlighted “the powerful encounter between Your Holiness and the President of the United States” that took place in May, and wrote that bishops “pray the seeds sown on the common ground of life and religious freedom will bear much fruit.”

The Pew poll also found that Mr. Trump continues to be popular with white evangelical Protestants, with 74 percent saying they approve and only 20 percent saying they disapprove of his job performance.

Americans who attend religious services each week are just about split on the president, with 48 percent approving and 45 percent disapproving. Those who attend services “less than weekly” have a more negative view of the president, with just 34 percent approving and 60 percent disapproving.

The poll was conducted June 8-18 with 2,504 adults.

This story includes updates.

Michael J. O’Loughlin is national correspondent at America and author of Hidden Mercy: AIDS, Catholics, and the Untold Stories of Compassion in the Face of Fear.